Submissions from 2019
Morbidity after surgical management of cervical cancer in low and middle income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Emma R. Allanson, Aime Powell, Max Bulsara, Hong Lim Lee, Lynette Denny, Yee Leung, and Paul Cohen
Elevated serum homocysteine levels have differential gender-specific associations with motor and cognitive states in Parkinson’s disease, Megan C. Bakeberg, Alexa Jefferson, Maddeson Riley, Michelle Byrnes, Soumya Ghosh, Frank L. Mastaglia, Malcom K. Horne, Sarah McGregor, Rick Stell, Jade Kenna, Sue Walters, Dana Hince, and Ryan S. Anderton
The validity and reliability of the Basketball Jump Shooting Accuracy Test, Brenton J. Boddington, Ashley Cripps, Aaron T. Scanlan, and Tania Spiteri
Is one dose of human papillomavirus vaccine as effective as three?: A national cohort analysis, Julia M.L Brotherton, Alison Budd, Christopher Rompotis, Natasha Bartlett, Michael J. Malloy, Rachael L. Andersen, Kim A.R Coulter, Peter W. Couvee, Nerida Steel, Gail H. Ward, and Marion Saville
The peer experience for older people encouraging other older people to engage in resistance training: A qualitative study, Elissa Burton
Poly-arginine peptide R18D reduces neuroinflammation and functional deficits following traumatic brain injury in the Long-Evans rat, Li Shan Chiu, Ryan S. Anderton, Jane L. Cross, Vince W. Clark, Neville W. Knuckey, and Bruno P. Meloni
Pathological chemotherapy response score is prognostic in tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma: A systematic review and meta- analysis of individual patient data, Paul A. Cohen, Aime Powell, Steffen Bohm, C Blake Gilks, Colin J.R Stewart, Tarek M. Meniawy, Max Bulsara, Stefanie Avril, Eleanor C. Brockbank, Tjalling Bosse, Gustavo Rubino de Azevedo Focchi, Raji Ganesan, Rosalind M. Glasspool, Brooke E. Howitt, Hyun-Soo Kim, Jung-Yun Lee, Nhu D. Le, Michelle Lockley, Ranjit Manchanda, Trupti Mandalia, W Glenn McCluggage, Iain McNeish, Divya Midha, Radhika Srinivasan, Yun Yi Tan, Rachael van der Griend, Mayu Yunokawa, Gian F. Zannoni, The HGSC CRS Collaborative Network, and Naveena Singh
Patient preferences for adjuvant radiotherapy in early breast cancer are strongly influenced by treatment received through random assignment, Tammy Corica, Christobel M. Saunders, Max Bulsara, Mandy Taylor, David J. Joseph, and Anna K. Nowak
The association between hysterectomy and ovarian cancer risk: A population-based record-linkage study, Suzanne C. Dixon-Suen, Penelope M. Webb, Louise F. Wilson, Karen Tuesley, Louise M. Stewart, and Susan J. Jordan
The benefits and challenges of embedding work integrated learning: A case study in a university education degree program, Maria Doolan, Ben Piggott, Sian Chapman, and Paul Rycroft
Proteomic analysis of Plasmodium falciparum histone deacetylase 1 complex proteins, Jessica A. Engel, Emma L. Norris, Paul Gilson, Jude Przyborski, Addmore Shonhai, Gregory L. Blatch, Tina S. Skinner, Jeffrey Gorman, Madeleine Headlam, and Katherine T. Andrews
The potential therapeutic effects of creatine supplementation on body composition and muscle function in cancer, C M. Fairman, K L. Kendall, Nicolas H. Hart, D R. Taaffe, D A. Galvao, and R U. Newton
Promoting physical activity in regional and remote cancer survivors (PPARCS) using wearables and health coaching: Randomised controlled trial protocol, Sarah J. Hardcastle, Dana Hince, Ruth Jimenez-Castuera, Terry Boyle, Vinicius Cavalheri, Greg Makin, Patrick Tan, Stuart Salfinger, Jason Tan, Ganendra Raj Mohan, Michael Levitt, Paul A. Cohen, Christobel Saunders, and Cameron Platell
Genetic predictors of match performance in sub-elite Australian football players: A pilot study, Ysabel Jacob, Paola Chivers, and Ryan S. Anderton
In their own words: A qualitative study exploring influences on the food choices of university students, Michelle Lambert, Paola Chivers, and Fiona Farringdon
Proteomic analysis of cortical neuronal cultures treated with poly-arginine peptide-18 (R18) and exposed to glutamic acid excitotoxicity, Gabriella MacDougall, Ryan S. Anderton, Frank L. Mastaglia, Neville W. Knuckey, and Bruno P. Meloni
Validity of the Falls Risk for Older People in the Community (FROP‑Com) tool to predict falls and fall injuries for older people presenting to the emergency department after falling, Marlon Mascarenhas, Keith D. Hill, Anna Barker, and Elissa Burton
Treatment, prevention and public health management of impetigo, scabies, crusted scabies and fungal skin infections in endemic populations: A systematic review, Philippa J. May, Steven Y.C Tong, Andrew C. Steer, Bart J. Currie, Ross M. Andrews, Jonathan R. Carapetis, and Asha C. Bowen
Embedding of psycho-perceptual-motor skills can improve athlete assessment and training programs, Sean Müller, Fleur van Rens, John Brenton, Khaya Morris-Binelli, Benjamin Piggott, Simon M. Rosalie, and Matthew Burgin
Vitamin D enzymes (CYP27A1, CYP27B1 and CYP24A1) and receptor expression in non-melanoma skin cancer, Natalie Nemazannikova, Gregory L. Blatch, Crispin R. Dass, Rodney Sinclair, and Vasso Apostolopoulos
Plastome-wide rearrangements and gene losses in carnivorous Droseraceae, Paul G. Nevill, Katharine A. Howell, Adam T. Cross, Anna V. Williams, Xiao Zhong, Julian Tonti-Filippini, Laura M. Boykin, Kingsley W. Dixon, and Ian Small
Does exercise impact gut microbiota composition in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer? A single-blinded, two-armed randomised controlled trial, Robert U. Newton, Claus T. Christophersen, Ciaran M. Fairman, Nicolas H. Hart, Dennis R. Taaffe, David Broadhurst, Amanda Devine, Raphael Chee, Colin I. Tang, Nigel Spry, and Daniel A. Galvao
Small interface changes have dramatic impacts: How mandatory fields in electronic medical records increased pertussis vaccination rates in Australian obstetric patients, Roberto Orefice and Julie Quinlivan
Coach rating combined with small-sided games provides further insight into mental toughness in sport, Ben Piggott, Sean Muller, Paola Chivers, Matthew Burgin, and Gerard F. Hoyne
Reducing early preterm birth for 25 cents a day, Julie Quinlivan
Clinical specialty training in UK undergraduate medical schools: A retrospective observational study, Hrisheekesh J. Vaidya, Alexander W. Emery, Emma C. Alexander, Angus J. McDonnell, Charlotte Burford, and Max Bulsara
Effect of a tight glycemic control protocol on hypoglycemia and mortality in the burn unit: A case-control study, Itay Wiser, Roni Averbuch Sagie, Liran Barzilai, Moti Harats, and Josef Haik
Submissions from 2018
Role of the gut microbiota as a natural adjuvant for vaccine, Nicole Benn and Gerard F. Hoyne
"I am tired of having to prove that my husband was dead." Dealing with practical matters in bereavement and the impact on the bereaved, Pippa Blackburn and Caroline Bulsara
Effectiveness of peers in delivering programs or motivating older people to increase their participation in physical activity: Systematic review and meta-analysis, Elissa Burton, Kaela Farrier, Keith Hill, James Codde, Phil Airey, and Anne-Marie Hill
Suboptimal bone status for adolescents with low motor competence and developmental coordination disorder - It's sex specific, Paola Chivers, Timo Rantalainen, Fleur McIntyre, Beth Hands, Benjamin Weeks, Belinda Beck, Nimphius Sophia, Nicolas Hart, and Aris Siafarikas
Cosmetic outcome as rated by patients, doctors, nurses and BCCT.core software assessed over 5 years in a subset of patients in the TARGIT-A trial, Tammy Corica, Anna K. Nowak, Christobel M. Saunders, Max K. Bulsara, Mandy Taylor, Norman R. Williams, Mohammed Keshtgar, David J. Joseph, and Jayant S. Vaidya
Literature Review: Anthropometric, strength and physical capacities of senior and junior Australian footballers, Ashley Cripps, Ysabel Jacob, James Walker, and Benjamin Piggott
Find cancer early: Evaluation of a community education campaign to increase awareness of cancer signs and symptoms in people in regional Western Australians, Emma J. Croager, Victoria Gray, Iain S. Pratt, Terry Slevin, Simone Pettigrew, C. D'Arcy Holman, Max K. Bulsara, and Jon D. Emery
Movement economy in soccer: Current data and limitations, Filippo Dolci, Nicolas H. Hart, Andrew Kilding, Paola Chivers, Benjamin Piggott, and Tania Spiteri
Heat shock proteins as modulators and therapeutic targets of chronic disease: An integrated perspective, Adrienne L. Edkins, John T. Price, A Graham Pockley, and Gregory L. Blatch
Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and neuroprotective peptide therapies: A case for cationic arginine-rich peptides (CARPs), Adam B. Edwards, Ryan S. Anderton, Neville W. Knuckey, and Bruno P. Meloni
Poly-arginine R18 and R18D (D-enantiomer) peptides reduce infarct volume and improves behavioural outcomes following perinatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy in the P7 rat, Adam B. Edwards, Jane L. Cross, Ryan S. Anderton, Neville W. Knuckey, and Bruno P. Meloni
Monitoring and managing fatigue in basketball, Toby Edwards, Tania Spiteri, Benjamin Piggott, Joshua Bonhotal, G Gregory Haff, and Christopher Joyce
Monitoring and managing fatigue in basketball, Toby Edwards, Tania Spiteri, Benjamin Piggott, Joshua Bonhotal, G. Gregory Haff, and Christopher Joyce
Added value of second biopsy target in screen-detected widespread suspicious breast calcifications, Nathalie M. Falkner, Dana A. Hince, Gareth Porter, Ben Dessauvagie, Sanjay Jeganathan, Max Bulsara, and Glen Lo
Manipulating field dimensions during small-sided games impacts the technical and physical profiles of Australian footballers, Brock Fleay, Christopher Joyce, Harry Banyard, and T Carl Woods
Do frailty and comorbidity indices improve risk prediction of 28-day ED reattendance? Reanalysis of an ED discharge nomogram for older people, Evert Gips, Katrina Spilsbury, Claus Boecker, Rebecca Ng, and Glenn Arendts
Cauliflower ear - a minimally invasive treatment method in a wrestling athlete: a case report, Josef Haik and Moti Harats
International validation of the EORTC QLQ-PRT20 module for assessment of quality of life symptoms relating to radiation proctitis: A phase IV study, Georgia K.B Halkett, Charles Adam Wigley, Samar M. Aoun, Maurizio Portaluri, Francesco Tramacere, Lorenzo Livi, Beatrice Detti, Stefano Arcangeli, Jo-Asmund Lund, Are Kristensen, Nathalie McFadden, Arne Grun, Sean Bydder, Irina Sackerer, Elfriede Greimel, Nigel Spry, and EORTC Quality of Life Group
Time for change: Fitness and strength can be improved and sustained in adolescents with low motor competence, Beth Hands, Paola Chivers, Tegan Grace, and Fleur McIntyre
The General Motor Ability Hypothesis: An old idea revisited, Beth Hands, Fleur McIntyre, and Helen Parker
Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of oncologists and oncology health care providers in promoting physical activity to cancer survivors: An international survey, Sarah Hardcastle, Robert Kane, Paola Chivers, Dana A. Hince, Andrew Dean, Dominic Higgs, and Paul A. Cohen
Kettle test efficacy in predicting cognitive and functional outcomes in geriatric rehabilitation, Kristie J. Harper, Karleen Llewellyn, Angela Jacques, Katharine Ingram, Sara Pearson, and Annette Barton
Mechanical suppression of osteolytic bone metastases in advanced breast cancer patients: A randomised controlled study protocol evaluating safety, feasibility and preliminary efficacy of exercise as a targeted medicine, Nicolas H. Hart, Daniel A. Galvao, Christobel Saunders, Dennis R. Taaffe, Kynan T. Feeney, Nigel A. Spry, Daphne Tsoi, Hilary Martin, Raphael Chee, Tim Clay, Andrew D. Redfern, and Robert U. Newton
Patterns in participation: Factors influencing parent attendance at two, centre-based early childhood interventions, Steve Heath, Adam Wigley, John Hogben, Janet Fletcher, Peta Collins, Gemma Boyle, and Stephanie Eustice
How the H7N9 influenza a virus adapted to become a human pathogen?, Madison Hoes and Gerard F. Hoyne
Mortality in a cohort of remote-living aboriginal Australians and associated factors, Zoe Hyde, Kate Smith, Leon Flicker, David Atkinson, Osvaldo P. Almeida, Nicola T. Lautenschlager, Anna Dwyer, and Dina LoGiudice
The potential role of genetic markers in talent identification and athlete assessment in elite sport, Ysabel Jacob, Tania Spiteri, Nicolas H. Hart, and Ryan S. Anderton
Reliability of upper-limb diaphyseal mineral and soft-tissue measurements using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT), Mark A. Jenkins, Nicolas H. Hart, Timo Rantalainen, Paola Chivers, Robert U. Newton, and Sophia Nimphius
Design and development of a theory-informed peer-led falls prevention education programme to translate evidence into practice: A systematic approach, Linda Khong, Richard G. Berlach, Keith D. Hill, and Anne-Marie Hill
Netrin-1-like-immunoreactivity co-expresses with DCC and has a differential level in the myenteric cholinergic and nitrergic neurons of the adult mouse colon, Suh Youn Ko, John T. Price, Gregory L. Blatch, and Kulmira Nurgali
Mitochondria and neuroprotection in stroke: Cationic arginine-rich peptides (CARPs) as a novel class of mitochondria-targeted neuroprotective therapeutics, Gabriella MacDougall, Ryan S. Anderton, Frank L. Mastaglia, Neville W. Knuckey, and Bruno P. Meloni
Wearable activity technology and action-planning (WATAAP) to promote physical activity in cancer survivors: Randomised controlled trial protocol, Chloe Maxwell-Smith, Paul A. Cohen, Cameron Platell, Patrick Tan, Michael Levitt, Paul Salama, Gregory B. Makin, Jason Tan, Stuart Salfinger, Ganendra Raj Kader Ali Mohan, Robert T. Kane, Dana A. Hince, Ruth Jimenez-Castuera, and Sarah J. Hardcastle
Adolescents' self-reported motor assessments may be more realistic than those of their parents, Fleur McIntyre and Beth Hands
Comparison of neuroprotective efficacy of poly-arginine R18 and R18D (D-enantiomer) peptides following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in the Wistar rat and in vitro toxicity studies, Diego Melani, Megan C. Bakeberg, Jane L. Cross, Vince W. Clark, Ryan S. Anderton, David J. Blacker, Neville W. Knuckey, and Bruno P. Meloni
Clinic predictors of better syphilis testing in Aboriginal primary healthcare: A promising opportunity for primary healthcare service managers, Barbara Nattabi, Seham Girgis, Veronica Matthews, Ross Bailie, and Jeanette E. Ward
Is there a link between vitamin B and multiple sclerosis?, Natalie Nemazannikova, Kathleen Mikkelsen, Lily Stojanovska, Gregory L. Blatch, and Vasso Apostolopoulos
Intense exercise for survival among men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (INTERVAL-GAP4): A multicentre, randomized, controlled phase III study protocol, Robert U. Newton, Stacey A. Kenfield, Nicolas H. Hart, June M. Chan, Kerry S. Courneya, James Catto, Stephen P. Finn, Rosemary Greenwood, Daniel C. Hughes, Lorelei Mucci, Stephen R. Plymate, Stephan F.E Plaet, Emer M. Guinan, Erin L. Van Blarigan, Orla Casey, Mark Buzza, Sam Gledhill, Li Zhang, Daniel A. Galvao, Charles J. Ryan, and Fred Saad
Clinician ranking of the importance of quality and safety indicators for consideration by Health Service Boards, Julie Quinlivan, Tanya Basile, Jeanette E. Ward, Mary Miller, Pip Brennan, Jenny O'Callaghan, Sharon Nowrojee, and Marani Hutton
Intraoperative detection of blood vessels with an imaging needle during neurosurgery in humans, Hari Ramakonar, Bryden C. Quirk, Rodney W. Kirk, Jiawen Li, Angela Jacques, Christopher R.P Lind, and Robert A. McLaughlin
Demographic and clinical predictors of trait impulsivity in Parkinson’s disease patients, Maddeson Riley, Megan Bakeberg, Michelle Byrne, Alexa Jefferson, Soumya Ghosh, Rick Stell, Frank L. Mastaglia, Dana A. Hince, and Ryan S. Anderton
The effect of individual radiographers on rates of attendance to breast screening: A 7-year retrospective study, S. Savaridas, J. Brook, J. Codde, M Bulsara, and W. Wylie
Key features of palliative care service delivery to Indigenous peoples in Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States: A comprehensive review, Shaouli Shahid, Emma V. Taylor, Shelley Cheetham, John A. Woods, Samar M. Aoun, and Sandra C. Thompson
Morbidity burden and community-based palliative care are associated with rates of hospital use by people with schizophrenia in the last year of life: A population-based matched cohort study, Katrina Spilsbury, Lorna Rosenwax, Kate Brameld, Brian Kelly, and Glenn Arendts
Risk of high-grade serous ovarian cancer associated with pelvic inflammatory disease, parity and breast cancer, Louise Stewart, Katrina Spilsbury, Susan Jordan, Colin Stewart, C. D'Arcy J. Holman, Aime Powell, Joanne Reekie, and Paul Cohen
Factors contributing to Australian adolescents’ self-report of their motor skill competence, Amanda Timler, Fleur McIntyre, and Beth Hands
Randomised controlled trial comparing daily versus depot vitamin D3 therapy in 0-16-year-old newly settled refugees in Western Australia over a period of 40 weeks, Ushma Wadia, Wayne Soon, Paola Chivers, Aesen Thambiran, David Burgner, Sarah Cherian, and Aris Siafarikas
Submissions from 2017
Sleep disturbance and serum ferritin levels associate with high impulsivity and impulse control disorders in male Parkinson's Disease patients, R Anderton, M Byrnes, A Jefferson, S Walters, S Ghosh, R Stell, and F Mastaglia
Secondary school mathematics and science matters: Academic performance for secondary students transitioning into university allied health and science courses, R Anderton, G Hine, and C Joyce
Lack of evidence for decreased protein stability in the 2397 (Met) haplotype of the leucine rich repeat kinase 2 protein implicated in Parkinson’s disease, Ryan S. Anderton, Lauren Hill, Rhiannon Morris, Frank L. Mastaglia, Wayne Greene, and Sherif Boulos
Assessment of R18, COG1410, and APP96-110 in excitotoxicity and traumatic brain injury, Li Shan Chiu, Ryan S. Anderton, Jane L. Cross, Vince W. Clark, Adam B. Edwards, Neville W. Knuckey, and Bruno P. Meloni
Excisional treatment in women with cervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS): a prospective randomised controlled noninferiority trial to compare AIS persistence/recurrence after loop electrosurgical excision procedure with cold knife cone biopsy: protocol for a pilot study, Paul A. Cohen, Alison Brand, Peter Sykes, David C.H. Wrede, Orla McNally, Lois Eva, Archana Rao, Michael Campion, Martin Stockler, Aime Powell, Jim Codde, Max Bulsara, Lyndal Anderson, Yee Leung, Louise Farrell, and Pennie Stoyles
Development of a theory-informed implementation intervention to improve the triage, treatment and transfer of stroke patients in emergency departments using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF): The T3 Trial, Louise E. Craig, Natalie Taylor, Rohan Grimley, Dominique A. Cadilhac, Elizabeth McInnes, Rosemary Phillips, Simon Dale, Denise O'Connor, Chris Levi, Mark Fitzgerald, Julie Considine, Jeremy M. Grimshaw, Richard Gerraty, N. Wah Cheung, Jeanette Ward, and Sandy Middleton
Biological maturity and the anthropometric, physical and technical assessment of talent identified U16 Australian footballers, A Cripps, C Joyce, C Woods, and L Hopper
The Improving Rural Cancer Outcomes Trial: a cluster-randomised controlled trial of a complex intervention to reduce time to diagnosis in rural cancer patients in Western Australia, Jon D. Emery, Victoria Gray, Fiona M. Walter, Shelley Cheetham, Emma J. Croager, Terry Slevin, Christobel Saunders, Timothy Threlfall, Kirsten Auret, Anna K. Nowak, Elizabeth Geelhoed, Max Bulsara, and C D'Arcy J. Holman
Analysis of platelet-rich plasma extraction variations in platelet and blood components between 4 common commercial kits, J. Fitzpatrick, Max Bulsara, M. Richardson, and M. Zheng
Changes in fatty acid composition of human milk in response to cold-like symptoms in the lactating mother and infant, Andrew S. Gardner, Ibrahim A. Rahman, Ching T. Lai, Anna Hepworth, Naomi Trengove, Peter E. Hartmann, and Donna T. Geddes
Breastfeeding and motor development: A longitudinal cohort study, T Grace, W Oddy, M Bulsara, and B Hands
Effective physical activity promotion to survivors of cancer is likely to be home based and to require oncologist partcipation, Sarah J. Hardcastle and Paul A. Cohen
Mechanical basis of bone strength: Influence of bone material, bone structure and muscle action, N H. Hart, S Nimphius, T Rantalainen, A Ireland, Aris Siafarikas, and R U. Newton
Reducing falls after hospital discharge: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial evaluating an individualised multi-modal falls education program for older adults, A. Hill, C. Etherton-Beer, S. McPhail, M. Morris, L. Flicker, R. Shorr, M. Bulsara, D. Lee, J. Francis-Coad, N. Waldron, A. Boudville, and T. Haines
Neuromuscular training improves movement competency and physical performance measures in 11-13 year old female netball athletes, A Hopper, E Haff, O Barley, C Joyce, R Lloyd, and G Haff
Neuromuscular training improves lower extremity biomechanics associated with knee injury during landing in 11-13 year old female netball athletes, A Hopper, E Haff, C Joyce, R Lloyd, and G Haff
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and a role for autoimmunity, G Hoyne, H Elliott, S Mutsaers, and C Prele
The role of the innate and adaptive immunity in exercise induced muscle damage and repair, B Jones and G Hoyne
The relationship between repeated kicking performance and maximal aerobic capacity in elite junior Australian football, J Joseph, C Woods, and C Joyce
The most important "factor" in producing clubhead speed in golf, C Joyce
The association between secondary mathematics and first year university performance in health sciences, C Joyce, G Hine, and R Anderton
EEG neurofeedback for executive functions in children with neurodevelopmental challenges, Jasmin K. Landes, Corinne L. Reid, Martijn Arns, Nicholas A. Badcock, Tomas Ros, Stefanie Enriquez-Geppert, Max K. Bulsara, Stefano Brini, Sheida Rabipour, Mimma Mason, Neils Birbaumer, Bethanie Gouldthorp, and Mike Anderson
Clinical consultations and investigations before and after discontinuation of endocrine therapy in women with primary breast cancer, Derrick Lopez, Anna Kemp-Casey, Christobel Saunders, Elizabeth Roughead, Frances Boyle, Max Bulsara, and David Preen
Tumour-infiltrating regulatory T cell density before neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer does not predict treatment response, Melanie J. McCoy, Chris Hemmings, Chidozie C. Anyaegbu, Stephanie J. Austin, Tracey F. Lee-Pullen, Timothy J. Miller, Max K. Bulsara, Nikolajs Zeps, Anna K. Nowak, Richard A. Lake, and Cameron F. Platell
Actual competence, rather than perceived competence, is a better predictor of physical activity in children aged 6-9 years, Fleur McIntyre, Helen Parker, Paola Chivers, and Beth Hands
The effectiveness of environment assessment tools to guide refurbishment of Australian residential aged care facilities: A systematic review, S Neylon, C Bulsara, and A Hill
Birth experience of fathers in the setting of teenage pregnancy: Are they prepared?, Simeon Ngweso, Rodney W. Petersen, and Julie Quinlivan