New clinical and biological insights from the international TARGIT-A randomised trial of targeted intraoperative radiotherapy during lumpectomy for breast cancer
Publication Details
Vaidya, J. S.,
Bulsara, M.,
Baum, M.,
Wenz, F.,
Massarut, S.,
Pigorsch, S.,
Alvarado, M.,
Douek, M.,
Saunders, C.,
Flyger, H. L.,
Eiermann, W.,
Brew-Graves, C.,
Williams, N.,
Potyka, I.,
Bernstein, M.,
Brown, D.,
Sperk, E.,
Laws, S.,
Sutterlin, M.,
Corica, T.,
Lungren, S.,
Holmes, D.,
Vinante, L.,
Bozza, F.,
Pazos, M.,
Le Blanc-Onfroy, M.,
Gruber, G.,
Polkowski, W.,
Dedes, K. J.,
Niewald, M.,
Blohmer, J.,
McReady, D.,
Hoefer, R.,
Kelemen, P.,
Petralia, G.,
Falzon, M.,
Joesph, D.,
&
Tobias, J. S.
(2021).
New clinical and biological insights from the international TARGIT-A randomised trial of targeted intraoperative radiotherapy during lumpectomy for breast cancer.
British Journal of Cancer, 125, 380-389.
Abstract
Background
The TARGIT-A trial reported risk-adapted targeted intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT-IORT) during lumpectomy for breast cancer to be as effective as whole-breast external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Here, we present further detailed analyses.
Methods
In total, 2298 women (≥45 years, invasive ductal carcinoma ≤3.5 cm, cN0–N1) were randomised. We investigated the impact of tumour size, grade, ER, PgR, HER2 and lymph node status on local recurrence-free survival, and of local recurrence on distant relapse and mortality. We analysed the predictive factors for recommending supplemental EBRT after TARGIT-IORT as part of the risk-adapted approach, using regression modelling. Non-breast cancer mortality was compared between TARGIT-IORT plus EBRT vs. EBRT.
Results
Local recurrence-free survival was no different between TARGIT-IORT and EBRT, in every tumour subgroup. Unlike in the EBRT arm, local recurrence in the TARGIT-IORT arm was not a predictor of a higher risk of distant relapse or death. Our new predictive tool for recommending supplemental EBRT after TARGIT-IORT is at https://targit.org.uk/addrt. Non-breast cancer mortality was significantly lower in the TARGIT-IORT arm, even when patients received supplemental EBRT, HR 0.38 (95% CI 0.17–0.88) P = 0.0091.
Conclusion
TARGIT-IORT is as effective as EBRT in all subgroups. Local recurrence after TARGIT-IORT, unlike after EBRT, has a good prognosis. TARGIT-IORT might have a beneficial abscopal effect.
Trial registration
ISRCTN34086741 (21/7/2004), NCT00983684 (24/9/2009).
Keywords
Breast cancer, Radiotherapy, Surgical oncology
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